MORE than 250 patients are dying needlessly in England each week due to long A&E waits, new estimates suggest.
Calculations by the Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) suggest patients are coming to harm due to spending hours waiting for a hospital bed, even after a decision has been made to admit them.
GettyLong A&E waits resulted in about 268 excess deaths in England last year, the RCEM estimated[/caption]
Researchers used a study of more than five million NHS patients, published in the Emergency Medicine Journal (EMJ) in 2021.
It found there was one excess death for every 72 patients who spent eight to 12 hours in an A&E department.
The risk of death started to increase after five hours and got worse with longer waiting times, the study found.
Dr Adrian Boyle, president of the RCEM, said: “The direct correlation between delays and mortality rates is clear. Patients are being subjected to avoidable harm.”
The RCEM has calculated that an average of 268 excess deaths are likely to have occurred each week in 2023 due to long A&E waits.
Using the same method of calculation, researchers said that was only 17 fewer excess deaths per week compared to 2022.
The college added that patients delayed in the back of ambulances, “of which there are thousands”, are not included in the figures but are also at risk of harm.
It said the overall estimates are likely to be conservative.
The NHS once had a standard of 95 per cent of patients attending A&E to be admitted, transferred or discharged within four hours.
The NHS recovery plan changed this to 76 per cent, with the aim of reaching it by March 2024 and improving thereafter.
But data for March shows 70.9 per cent of patients were seen within that time frame.
In February, the number of people waiting more than 12 hours in A&E departments for a bed after a decision was made to admit them stood at 44,417.
Dr Boyle said: “Excessively long waits continue to put patients at risk of serious harm.
“Small improvements in four-hour access standard performance are not meaningful when there are so many people staying more than 12 hours.
“Effort and money should go where the harm is greatest.”
The college has previously found that 65 per cent of people waiting 12 hours or more in A&E are patients waiting for a hospital bed.
NHS data for England shows more than 1.5 million patients waited 12 hours or more in major emergency departments in 2023, meaning over a million of those were waiting for a bed.
Dr Boyle said: “In 2023, more than 1.5 million patients waited 12 hours or more in major emergency departments, with 65 per cent of those awaiting admission.
“Lack of hospital capacity means that patients are staying in longer than necessary and continue to be cared for by emergency department staff, often in clinically inappropriate areas such as corridors or ambulances.
“Urgent intervention is needed to put people first. Patients and staff should not bear the consequences of insufficient funding and under-resourcing.
“We cannot continue to face inequalities in care, avoidable delays and death.”
Royal College of Nursing general secretary Pat Cullen said “too few staff and not enough beds” were driving long waiting times.
“This crisis is taking lives and nursing staff in England’s hospitals are forced to witness it every shift,” she said.
“Go into any hospital, the corridors and cupboards are packed with patients – care is not only undignified but fatally unsafe.”
In response to the figures, an NHS spokesperson said: “We have seen significant increases in demand for A&E services, with attendances in February up 8.6 per cent on last year and emergency admissions up 7.7 per cent.
“The latest published data shows our urgent and emergency care recovery plan – backed by extra funding with more beds, capacity and greater use of measures like same day emergency care – is delivering improvements, alongside continued work with our colleagues in community and social care to discharge patients when they are medically fit to go home, freeing up beds for other patients.
“The cause of excess deaths is down to several different factors and so it is right that the experts at the ONS – as the executive branch of the stats authority – continue to analyse these causes.”
A Department of Health and Social Care spokesperson said: “We are committed to ensuring people get the emergency care they need, when they need it, and all patients attending A&E are assessed by a doctor or nurse before any treatment takes place, to ensure the most seriously unwell people are treated first.”
They noted that A&E four-hour performance had improved in February compared to January, despite record levels of demand and the impact of industrial action.
“We are determined to continue improving experiences for patients and making access to care faster, simpler and fairer,” the spokesperson.
“We are making progress in reducing A&E waiting times, including adding an extra 5,000 permanent staffed beds this winter to increase capacity and help patients be seen as quickly as possible.”
In February, official figures revealed that A&E waits are five times worse than they were a decade ago.
Meanwhile, NHSE estimated that doctors strikes have added nearly half a million operations to the NHS waiting list.